The bottom line on the income statement is net income, which interacts with the balance sheet's retained earnings account within shareholders' equity. Therefore the revenue equal to that increase in cash must be shown as a credit on the income statement. To increase the balance of an asset, we debit that account. When a customer pays cash to buy a good from a store, the money increases the company's cash on the balance sheet. Remember, every credit must be balanced by an equal debit - in this case a credit to cash and a debit to salaries expense. If the balance sheet entry is a credit, then the company must show the salaries expense as a debit on the income statement. A decrease on the asset side of the balance sheet is a credit. Consider, for example, how a company pays its payroll.Įvery two weeks, the company must pay its employees' salaries with cash, reducing its cash balance on the asset side of the balance sheet. To me, the easiest way to understand debits and credits on the income statement is to consider first how each transaction is impacting the balance sheet. ![]() The rules for debits and credits on the income statement This is due to how shareholders' equity interacts with the income statement (more on this next) and how some accounts within shareholders' equity interact with each other. Dividends, on the other hand, increase when debited. Retained earnings, for example, increase when credited. ![]() The final component of the balance sheet - the shareholder's equity section - contains some accounts that behave like the asset accounts, where debits increase the balance and other accounts that behave like liability accounts. The debit to cash and credit to long-term debt are equal, balancing the transaction. In this way, the loan transaction would credit the long-term debt account, increasing it by the exact same amount as the debit increased the cash on hand account. A credit increases the balance of a liabilities account, and a debit decreases it. On the liabilities side of the balance sheet, the rule is reversed. In the example of the loan transaction above, the increase in cash would be recorded as a debit to the company's cash on hand, increasing it by the loan amount. When the company sells an item from its inventory account, the resulting decrease in inventory is a credit. On the asset side of the balance sheet, a debit increases the balance of an account, while a credit decreases the balance of that account. For example, if a company takes out a loan, that loan transaction would be recorded by both a debit and a credit, which would simultaneously increase its liabilities (the loan) and its assets (the cash on hand funded by the loan). When an accountant is executing a transaction on the balance sheet of a company, debits and credits are used to record which accounts are increasing and which are decreasing. The rules for debits and credits for the balance sheet ![]() Debits and credits will always balance, or equal each other this ensures that the company's balance sheet and income statement are always in balance as well, accurately reflecting the income, expenses, assets, liabilities, and equity in the business for each period of time. These two transactions are called a "debit" and a "credit," and together, they form the foundation of modern accounting. In accounting, every financial transaction is recorded by two entries on the company's books.
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